Data Citation
The eBank project seeks to link publications and the datasets to which the publications refer, so that users may gain access to the datasets. The use of identifiers is closely linked to the ability to locate and access digital objects (be this publications, datasets or other forms). This section looks at ways in which identifiers may be used
- to refer to datasets from the publication description (metadata record) and
- to locate and retrieve datasets.
There are various standards and no agreed or de facto method has appeared across the scientific community to achieve this aim. Although URLs are widely adopted, they have several limitations (as discussed in a number of sources). Below are a few initiatives of interest including solutions coming from the digital library communities. Send us an email if you know of any others that we have missed.
Links
Identifiers and Identifier Schemes
URI, URL, URN
HANDLE
The Handle System is a comprehensive system for assigning, managing, and resolving persistent identifiers, known as "handles," for digital objects and other resources on the Internet. Handles can be used as Uniform Resource Names (URNs).
DOI
The Digital Object Identifier (DOIŽ) is a system for identifying and exchanging intellectual property in the digital environment.
Norman Paskin "Digital Object Identifiers for scientific data' 19th International CODATA Conference, Berlin, Nov 10 2004
http://www.doi.org/topics/041110CODATAarticleDOI.pdf
PURL A PURL is a Persistent Uniform Resource Locator. Functionally, a PURL is a URL. However, instead of pointing directly to the location of an Internet resource, a PURL points to an intermediate resolution service.
POI
The PURL-based Object Identifier (POI) is a simple specification for resource
identifiers based on the PURL system. The use of the POI is closely related to
the use of the Open Archives Initiative Protocol for Metadata Harvesting
(OAI-PMH) and with the OAI identifier format (oai-identifiers)
used within that protocol.
The "info" URI Scheme for Information Assets with Identifiers in Public Namespaces. Herbert Van de Sompel, Tony Hammond, Eamonn Neylon, Stuart L. Weibel
http://library.caltech.edu/openurl/PubComDocs/Announce/20031003-Announce-infoURI.htm
IVOA Identifiers Version 0.2 (IVOA Working Draft 30 September 2003 )
http://www.ivoa.net/Documents/WD/Identifiers/WD-Identifiers-20030930.ht
ml
LSID (I3C)
URN Namespace for Life Science Identifiers
4/03/03
http://www.i3c.org/wgr/ta/resources/lsid/docs/LSIDSyntax9-20-02.htm
The PURL-based Object Identifier (POI) Andy Powell, Jeff Young, Thom Hickey
http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/distributed-systems/poi/
Lagoze, C., H. Van de Sompel, M. Nelson and S. Warner.
"Specification and XML Schema for the OAI Identifier Format", June 2002. http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/guidelines-oai-identifier.htm
Identifiers for learning objects - a discussion paper Andy Powell
http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/distributed-systems/lo-identifiers/
Paskin, N., Digital Object Identifiers. Information Services and Use, 22(2/3), 97-112.
http://www.doi.org/topics/020210_CSTI.pdf
NASA Astrophysics Data System Bibliographic Code (bibcodes).
http://adsdoc.harvard.edu/abs_doc/help_pages/data.html
Identifier Resolution Services
Draft Standard for Trial Use ANSI/NISO Z39.88, "The OpenURL Framework for Context-Sensitive Services"
http://library.caltech.edu/openurl/Public_Comments.htm
Proposal for a Life Science Identifier Resolution scheme using Web Services http://www.i3c.org/wgr/ta/resources/lsid/docs/LSIDResolution.htm
Van de Sompel H, Hochstenbach P. Reference Linking in a Hybrid Libary
Environment, Part 1: Frameworks for Linking. D-Lib Magazine, 1999. 5(4).
http://www.dlib.org/dlib/april99/van_de_sompel/04van_de_sompel-pt1.htm
l
Van de Sompel H, Hochstenbach P, Beit-Arie O (editors). OpenURL Syntax
Description. 2000.
http://www.openurl.info/registry/docs/pdf/openurl-01.pdf
Van de Sompel H, Beit-Arie O. Open Linking in the Scholarly Information
Environment Using the OpenURL Framework. D-Lib Magazine, 2001. 7(3).
http://www.dlib.org/dlib/march01/vandesompel/03vandesompel.html
Van de Sompel H, Beit-Arie O. Generalizing the OpenURL Framework beyond
References to Scholarly Works: the Bison-Futé model. D-Lib Magazine, 2001. 7(7/8).
http://www.dlib.org/dlib/july01/vandesompel/07vandesompel.html
Citation of Scientific Data
Publication and Citation of Scientific Primary Data [DFG-funded Project]:
http://www.std-doi.de/
CODATA Working Group, Conception of citing scientific primary data. Final Report, May 2002.
http://www.std-doi.de/CODATA_Konzept_PrimDaten_Engl261102.pdf [Report]
http://www.std-doi.de/CitationPrimDat-DFG.pdf [Presentation Slides]
Lautenschlager, M., Sens, I. Konzept zur Zitierfähigkeit Wissenchaftlicher Primädaten. Information - Wissenschaft und Praxis (in press).
http://www.std-doi.de/Paper-Konzept-Primdaten.pdf [In German]
Task Force on Citation of Geoscience Data:
http://www.geoinfo.org/TFGeosciData.htm